Hi Pheonix,
Something like that would require a custom solution but I can point you in the right direction:
– That page would need to be a static page instead of a default category page from WordPress.
– A plugin like WP Show Posts should help to display posts in each category:
https://en-ca.wordpress.org/plugins/wp-show-posts/
– A plugin like GenerateBlocks should help to create the layout:
https://wordpress.org/plugins/generateblocks/
Hope this helps you to get started 🙂